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According to the established definitions, which of the following does NOT comprise "cremated remains"?

  1. The ashes of a human body

  2. Pacemaker materials

  3. The bone fragments post-cremation

  4. The residual fuel from the process

The correct answer is: Pacemaker materials

The term "cremated remains" typically refers to the ashes and bone fragments that result from the cremation process, which generally includes the pulverized remains after the burning of a human body. The correct answer highlights that pacemaker materials do not fall under the definition of cremated remains. Pacemakers are medical devices that are often retrieved prior to cremation to prevent potential hazards during the cremation process; they contain materials like metals and batteries that do not convert to ashes or bone fragments during cremation. Therefore, pacemaker materials are distinct from what is classified as cremated remains, which primarily consist of ash and the non-combustible bone fragments. In contrast, the ashes and bone fragments that result from the cremation process are very much a part of what is defined as cremated remains, as they represent the organic and inorganic components of the body that has undergone this procedure. Residual fuel, while not commonly included in the typical understanding of cremated remains, is also a byproduct of the cremation.